Welcome to your Grade 12 Biology chapter 4
After carefully reading the following 30 questions, choose the correct answer.
1.
Which term describes the gradual change in the characteristics of a population over time?
2.
According to Jean-Baptiste Lamarck, how did organisms acquire traits?
3.
What is the central mechanism of evolution proposed by Charles Darwin?
4.
Which evidence for evolution involves the study of remains or traces of organisms from the past?
5.
What are "homologous structures"?
6.
Which type of natural selection favors individuals at one extreme of a phenotypic range?
7.
What is the primary cause of variation within a population's gene pool?
8.
Which phenomenon describes a change in allele frequencies due to chance events in a small population?
9.
What does "gene flow" refer to in evolutionary biology?
10.
In human evolution, which genus is considered the direct ancestor to Homo?
11.
Which famous fossil found in Ethiopia is a member of Australopithecus afarensis?
12.
What is a "vestigial structure"?
13.
Which type of selection favors intermediate variants and acts against extreme phenotypes?
14.
What is the main driver of "disruptive selection"?
15.
Which of the following is considered a "renowned anthropologist" in Ethiopia?
16.
What defines "macroevolution"?
17.
Which mechanism explains why small islands often have unique species?
18.
What is the term for the set of all genes and their alleles in a population?
19.
Which fossil is an example of a transition between apes and humans found in the Afar region?
20.
What is the ultimate fate of a species that cannot adapt to rapid environmental changes?
21.
Which type of evolution results in similar traits in unrelated species due to similar environments?
22.
Who co-proposed the theory of evolution by natural selection along with Charles Darwin?
23.
What is the significance of the fossil "Selam"?
24.
What is a "bottleneck effect"?
25.
Which of the following is a cause of species extinction mentioned in the unit?
26.
What is the main focus of "comparative embryology" in evolutionary studies?
27.
Which hominid is famous for being the first to use stone tools?
28.
What is "artificial selection"?
29.
Which term refers to the evolution of a new species?
30.
In evolutionary terms, what does "fitness" measure?
